托福閱讀練習(xí)答案精講2篇

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Passage 1

Here is a free reading test to help you prepare for the iBT exam.

The answers are given after the questions to Passage 1.

Working in a run-down laboratory near Paris, Marie Curie worked around the clock to discover a radioactive element. When she finally captured her quarry in 1902, she named it radium after the Latin word meaning ray.

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Madame Curie should certainly be an inspiration to scientists today. She had spent the day blending chemical compounds which could be used to destroy unhealthy cells in the body. As she was about to retire to bed that evening, she decided to return to her lab. There she found that the chemical compound had become crystalized in the bowls and was emitting the elusive light that she sought.

Inspired by the French scientist Henri Becquerel, Curie won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1903. Upon winning the prize, she declared that the radioactive element would be used only to treat disease and would not be used for commercial profit.

Today radium provides the most effective remedy for certain types of cancer. Radium, now used for a treatment called radiotherapy, works by inundating diseased cells with radioactive particles. Its success lies in the fact that it eradicates malignant cells without any lasting ill effects on the body.

>>>托福備考誤區(qū)

1. Which of the following is the best meaning of the word quarry as it is used in this passage?

A. a precious commodity

B. an unknown catalyst

C. an object that is sought

D. a chemical compound

2. According to the information in the passage, why is radium treatment used as a cancer therapy?

A. because it is cost effective

B. because it destroys cancerous cells

C. because it has no long-term effects

D. because it emits a glowing light

3. What is the most appropriate title of the passage?

A. Madame Curie: An Inventive Chemist

B. The Discoveries of Madame Curie

C. The Use of Radium to Treat Cancer

D. The Discovery and Use of Radium

4. Which of the following phrases or sentences from the passage expresses an opinion rather than a fact?

A. Marie Curie worked around the clock to discover a radioactive element.

B. Madame Curie should certainly be an inspiration to scientists today.

C. She had spent the day blending chemical compounds which could be used to destroy unhealthy cells in the body.

D. Upon winning the prize, she declared that the radioactive element would be used only to treat disease and would not be used for commercial profit.

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譯文：

居里夫人在巴黎附近一間破舊的實(shí)驗(yàn)室里日以繼夜地工作，為的是發(fā)現(xiàn)一種放射性元素。她于1902年獲得了一種礦，并根據(jù)拉丁文中“射線”這個(gè)詞命名為鐳。

居里夫人無(wú)疑是對(duì)現(xiàn)在科學(xué)家精神的一種鼓舞。她花一天的時(shí)間混合化學(xué)混合物，這種化學(xué)混合物可以用來(lái)破壞體內(nèi)的不健康細(xì)胞。那天晚上，當(dāng)她準(zhǔn)備睡覺時(shí)，她又決定返回實(shí)驗(yàn)室。在那里，她發(fā)現(xiàn)化學(xué)化合物在碗里結(jié)晶了，散發(fā)著她所尋找的難以捉摸的光。

在法國(guó)科學(xué)家亨利.貝克勒爾的啟發(fā)下，居里夫人于1903年獲得了諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。獲獎(jiǎng)后，她宣布放射性元素只用于治療疾病，不用于謀取商業(yè)利益。

今天，鐳為某些種類的腫瘤提供了最有效的治療方法。鐳，現(xiàn)在被用于一種放射療法治療，作用是用放射性粒子吞沒(méi)患病的細(xì)胞。這種療法的成功在于它根除了惡性細(xì)胞而對(duì)身體沒(méi)有任何持續(xù)的副作用。

答案與解析：

1. C原文表述為：Marie Curie worked around the clock to discover a radioactive element. When she finally captured her quarry in 1902，可見quarry是居里夫人尋找的一種物質(zhì)，C答案是原文所要表達(dá)的最準(zhǔn)確的意思，造成干擾的是D項(xiàng)，D項(xiàng)化學(xué)混合物是居里夫人通過(guò)混合化學(xué)混合物來(lái)得到她要得到的物質(zhì)。所以該題選擇C選項(xiàng)。

2. B 原文表述為：She had spent the day blending chemical compounds which could be used to destroy unhealthy cells in the body. 以及Radium, now used for a treatment called radiotherapy, works by inundating diseased cells with radioactive particles. 所以鐳用于腫瘤治療法的的原因是它可以破壞癌細(xì)胞。

3. D 本文先描述了居里夫人發(fā)現(xiàn)鐳的艱辛過(guò)程，接著是在放射性治療法中的治療原理。所以最合適的標(biāo)題是D。

4. B 很明顯地看出，A, C, D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)是事實(shí)的描述，而B選項(xiàng)是一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。所以B選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

>>>托?？荚嚤刂?/a>

Passage 2

Passage 2 below will help you practice your reading skills for the Test of English as a Foreign Language.

The answers to the test are provided after the questions.

The First Public Railway

The world’s first public railway carried passengers, even though it was primarily designed to transport coal from inland mines to ports on the North Sea. Unveiled on September 27, 1825, the train had 32 open wagons and carried over 300 people.

The locomotive steam engine was power by what was termed the steam-blast technique. The chimney of the locomotive redirected exhaust steam into the engine via a narrow pipe. In this way, the steam created a draft of air which followed after it, creating more power and speed for the engine.

The train had rimmed wheels which ran atop rails that were specially designed to give the carriages a faster and smoother ride. While the small carriages could hardly be termed commodious, the locomotive could accelerate to 15 miles per hour, a record-breaking speed at that time.

Subsequently, the inventor of the locomotive, George Stephenson, revolutionized his steam engine by adding 24 further pipes. Now containing 25 tubes instead of one, Stephenson’s second “iron horse” was even faster and more powerful than his first creation.

譯文：

第一條公共鐵路

這是世界上第一條運(yùn)載乘客的公共鐵路，盡管它最初用于將煤炭從內(nèi)地煤礦運(yùn)往北海港口。這列火車于1825年9月27日問(wèn)世，共有32個(gè)敞篷車廂，能載300多名旅客。

機(jī)車蒸汽機(jī)是通過(guò)所謂的蒸汽噴射技術(shù)來(lái)驅(qū)動(dòng)的。機(jī)車的煙囪通過(guò)一根狹窄的管道將排煙重新導(dǎo)向發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。這樣，蒸汽產(chǎn)生了一股氣流，為發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)創(chuàng)造了更強(qiáng)的動(dòng)力和更快的速度。

這列火車有邊輪，它運(yùn)行在專門設(shè)計(jì)的軌道上，以便使車廂更快、更平穩(wěn)。雖然小車箱不能說(shuō)是寬敞的，但是機(jī)車可以加速到每小時(shí)15英里，這在當(dāng)時(shí)是一個(gè)破紀(jì)錄的速度。

后來(lái)，機(jī)車的發(fā)明者George Stephenson，又增加了24個(gè)管道，徹底改變了他的蒸汽機(jī)。George Stephenson的第二列火車現(xiàn)在有25根管子，而不是1根，比他的第一個(gè)發(fā)明更快、更有力。

1. Which of the following is the best meaning of the word commodious as it is used in this passage?

A. small

B. uncomfortable

C. spacious

D. speedy

2. Why was the second locomotive that Stephenson invented an improvement on his first?

A. because it ran more smoothly

B. because it was more comfortable

C. because it could carry more passengers

D. because it ran with greater force and speed

3. From the information contained in the passage, it seems reasonable to infer which of the following?

A. Many passengers were frightened about traveling on his new locomotive.

B. George Stephenson’s inventions laid the basic foundations for modern day public trains and railways.

C. Profits in the coal industry increased after the invention of the locomotive.

D. Stephenson should have been able to invent a locomotive that could run faster.

答案及解析：

1. C 原文表述：While the small carriages could hardly be termed commodious，通過(guò)hardly一詞，原文是在否定commodious，必定和small一詞表示相反的意思，所以答案為C，寬敞的。

2. D 原文表述：tephenson’s second “iron horse” was even faster and more powerful than his first creation. 所以D選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

3. B A選項(xiàng)說(shuō)人們坐在George Stephenson發(fā)明的新的機(jī)車上害怕，很顯然原文沒(méi)有這樣的描述;C選項(xiàng)說(shuō)機(jī)車發(fā)明后，煤炭工業(yè)的收益將增加，原文顯示這樣的相關(guān)意思，而且發(fā)明的機(jī)車最初是用來(lái)運(yùn)送煤炭，現(xiàn)在是用來(lái)運(yùn)載乘客的;D 選項(xiàng)說(shuō)Stephenson本應(yīng)該發(fā)明出更快的機(jī)車，原文沒(méi)有提到，所以B選項(xiàng)為正確答案：George Stephenson的發(fā)明為現(xiàn)代公共火車和鐵路的發(fā)明奠定了基礎(chǔ)。

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