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留學(xué)中介口碑查詢
時間:2016-08-31
來源:互聯(lián)網(wǎng)
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很多同學(xué)對雅思口語考試備考感到一片茫然,除了之前經(jīng)常提到的備考方法外,今天留學(xué)監(jiān)理網(wǎng)的老師給大家?guī)砣卵潘伎谡Z備考方案:發(fā)散性思維,大家一定要多多練習(xí),希望大家都能取得好成績! 》》點擊獲更多考試相關(guān)資訊
在雅思口語備考過程中,考生對口語的恐懼要遠(yuǎn)勝于其他三科,主要體現(xiàn)在無從下手。大部分問題用中式思維的因果介紹都顯得特別單薄,沒有一定的具體度。但是重視思維的一般解答方法通常都是:遇到問題,解釋原因,然后就不知道如何再繼續(xù)進(jìn)行口語會話了。因此,很多考生在備考的過程中,除了會去收集很多如broaden my horizon, cultivate my temperament或是strengthen family bond這樣的短語情感表達(dá)之外,就不知道能夠如何有效的備考口語了。
本文將介紹的是運用發(fā)散性思維進(jìn)行雅思備考。發(fā)散思維(Divergent Thinking),指大腦在思維時呈現(xiàn)的一種擴散狀態(tài)的思維模式,它表現(xiàn)為思維視野廣闊,思維呈現(xiàn)出多維發(fā)散狀。在口語中,朗閣雅思培訓(xùn)老師將把發(fā)散性思維分為經(jīng)歷型發(fā)散,類別型發(fā)散,互補型發(fā)散和特性發(fā)散。
一、經(jīng)歷型發(fā)散
經(jīng)歷型發(fā)散是將關(guān)鍵詞或者短語,轉(zhuǎn)換成個人經(jīng)歷進(jìn)行思維擴散。主要從事情的時間(when),地點(where),內(nèi)容(what),人物(who),做事情的頻率(how often),時長(how long)以及個人感受(why)等方面進(jìn)行思維發(fā)散。對于雅思口語中的基本問題,大家可以使用上述方法進(jìn)行備考。
如近期Part1的高頻話題snack, 我們就可以用以下方法。首先根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行發(fā)散:
When: watching TV;during the break of class; watching movie
Where: at home; in the cinema; in the classroom
What: chocolate bar; candy; sunflower seeds; peanuts; crisps; beef jerky; nuts; cookies
Who: share with family members; friends; roommates; and classmates
How often: almost every day
Why: kill time; keep focused at class; yummy…
下面一起來看下問題:
What kinds of snacks do you like to eat?
Normally, I will give my preference to sweet food such as chocolate bars, candies and cookies. I eat them almost everyday when I watch TV or movie, or sometimes during the break of the class. For me, sweet snacks are all quite yummy.
以經(jīng)歷進(jìn)行發(fā)散來回答基本問題的話,我們可以避免用詞的重復(fù)度,同樣也可以較好地避免因果關(guān)系進(jìn)行描述,使回答內(nèi)容和句型都更加多樣性。
二、類別型發(fā)散
類別型發(fā)散是指對關(guān)鍵詞或者話題進(jìn)行分類,構(gòu)思關(guān)鍵詞下面的各個平行類別,并且按照類型進(jìn)行逐個分析。
常見的分類話題有:
famous people: superstar; sports star; scientist; Noble Prize Laureate; online celebrity…
popular jobs: civil servant; doctor; state-owned employee; sales rep…
public transport: metro; bus; taxi; train; coach; plane…
music: classical music; pop music; jazz; light music…
festivals: Christmas; Valentine’s day; Thanksgiving day; the Dragon Boat festival; Spring festival
food: fast food; homemade food; food in the restaurant; junk food
…
以工作類Part3話題為例,我們可以進(jìn)行如下回答:
What are the well-paid jobs in your country?
In terms of jobs with decent salaries, the first one come to my mind is civil servant. Their works are relatively stable and of real satisfying welfare. Also, doctors can obtain high payment. The main reason is that it is a quite demanding job. Beside, sales reps can probably procure high income once they own good performance.
長期訓(xùn)練關(guān)鍵詞分類,有助于考試過程中從多方面,多角度思考問題,使得回答顯得更加全面,有說服力。此外,這樣可以有效增加考試時的靈活應(yīng)變能力。
三、互補型發(fā)散
互補型發(fā)散即在提及話題時,能夠快速的想到話題反面,并且進(jìn)行對比來對話題進(jìn)行論證。
常見互補關(guān)鍵詞或者方面如:
countryside-city center
weekend-workdays
home-made-dining out
being alone-be with friends
small company-big company
paper books-electronic books
light color-dark color
formal occasion-casual occasion
individual sport-group sport
male’s preference-female’s preference
outdoor activity-indoor activity
public transport-private transport
abroad-within the country
long distance-short distance
modern-traditional
western-eastern
…
例題:
Why do Chinese people like to travel abroad?
Actually, compared with traveling within in the country, overseas traveling is more attractive. They are able to experience a wholly different culture and encounter local residents who will use the different language. Also, by traveling to foreign countries, people can fulfill their satisfaction by purchasing the luxury good of relatively lower price than that in China. These are the reasons why Chinese people show their preference to outbound trips.
通過發(fā)散思考話題對立面,我們能夠有更多的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行表達(dá)。同時,通過對立面的對比和解析,觀點的描述會更有說服力。建議在備考的過程中能夠多通過正反面進(jìn)行互相論證,增強辯證性思維能力。
更多雅思考試資訊,請關(guān)注我們的朗閣雅思頻道。
四、特性發(fā)散
特性發(fā)散主要針對話題或者關(guān)鍵詞特性進(jìn)行思維發(fā)散,如clothes, electronic device, hometown, film等。與其他發(fā)散方式不同的是,我們可以對于話題進(jìn)行多方面的自由發(fā)散,并且對發(fā)散的點可以再次拓展。這樣有助于對話題的問題進(jìn)行一定的預(yù)測,并且能夠?qū)υ掝}進(jìn)行多特性回答。
Clothes: brand; color; material; price; style; pattern; place for shopping…
Electronic device: brand; function; appearance; price…
Hometown: food; scenery; traffic; weather & climate; people…
Film: Chinese film; screen; actress; soundtrack; background…
例題:
What clothes do you usually like to wear?
I feel like wearing clothes of common brand and light color. For example, casual clothes like T-shirt or jeans, they are affordable by most of students and also free-styled. I prefer light color coz it can always help me to stand out.
對于一個話題,我們可以從話題的各方面進(jìn)行構(gòu)思,這樣能夠?qū)τ谠掝}更全面的回答。
總結(jié)
建議每位考生在備考的過程中能夠運用上述方法進(jìn)行話題構(gòu)思,提前把每一個可能的考點準(zhǔn)備到,并且在發(fā)散點的擴充中提高詞匯儲備量和辯證思維能力。
以上就是“全新雅思口語備考方案:發(fā)散性思維”的全部內(nèi)容,供大家參考學(xué)習(xí)。
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