托福閱讀7天計劃-Day 4 Understand Vocabulary in Context

為了幫助大家更好的備戰(zhàn)托?？荚?/a>，留學監(jiān)理網的老師在這里給大家介紹托福的幾個閱讀提升的方法---托福閱讀7天計劃。

在托福閱讀中，有時候會出現詞義題。

這種問題要求大家從下面四個選項中選出與題目中單詞意思最為接近的單詞。

因此大家需要理解這個單詞在文中的意思。

我們先來看一個例子：

The stone was promptly dispatched to Cairo's Institute of Egypt for further study by Napoleon's scholars, where it was christened 'The Rosetta Stone', for obvious reasons. Although it quickly became clear that the same message was indeed engraved in three different languages, only the bottom script, in Greek, could be read. The top script consisted of fourteen rows of hieroglyphics, followed by thirty-two rows of an undecipherable Egyptian writing that was simply termed 'demotic'.

Question: The word promptly in the passage is closest in meaning to

A. purportedly

B. secretly

C. forcefully

D. hastily

正確答案是D。在這句話中，promptly的意思是馬上去做某件事。答案中只有hastily與之意思相似。

在托福閱讀中，可能會碰到一些不認識的單詞。如果碰到了，大家也不要緊張，因為不理解一些詞的意思并不會影響閱讀。

問題中的單詞或短語可能是你已經知道的，也可能是你從未見過的。

The word you know

如果認識這個單詞或短語，就可以直接看選項，不需要再去看原文這樣可以節(jié)省更多的時間。

大家也可以在做完后閱讀原文，檢查答案。

The word you do not know

如果不認識題目中的單詞，那就要注意這個單詞在原文中的上下文，這會對理解詞語的意思有所幫助。這種情況下，大家可以：

1. 瀏覽全文；

2. 將題目中的詞放到文章的句子中理解，找出一個使句子意義通順替代詞；

3. 想一想這個詞可能的意思，回想自己是否認識與這個詞相關的其他詞，在看選項前聯想一下。

4. 看選項，4個詞中哪個詞的意思跟你想的相近，意思相近的詞很可能就是正確答案。

5. 如果沒有，就用排除法，選擇可以使句子有意義而且邏輯清楚的詞語。

我們來看下面一個例子：

Read the following passage and answer the question.

'The wording of vocabulary questions is almost always 'The word "technical" in the passage is closest in meaning to" followed by four answer choices. The word or phrase in question might be a relatively common word you're familiar with already, or it might be a more technical phrase. In either case, ifs important to pay attention to the context the word is used in, as this may impact your answer.

The meaning of the word "technical" in the passage is closest in meaning to

A) natural

B) specialized

C) old

D) foreign

讀這段話后，我們可以先將”technical”替換為”rare”，因為前面一句話中有”you’re familiar with”，而這句話中有個連詞”or”。再看一下選項，并沒有與”rare”意思相同的詞。但A項，詞義明顯不對?！眛echnical”與”technology”的詞根相同，并沒有”old”的意思，因此C項也不對。D項”foreign”傾向于how well the reader knows the word，因此這道題的答案為B。

下面大家就來做幾道題練習一下吧。

1. At first, it would appear that this question is impossible to answer. To find out how grammar is created, someone needs to be present at the time of a language's creation, documenting its emergence. Many historical linguists are able to trace modern complex languages back to earlier languages, but in order to answer the question of how complex languages are actually formed, the researcher needs to observe how languages are started from scratch. Amazingly, however, this is possible.
'From scratch' is closest in meaning to:

A. from the very beginning

B. in simple cultures

C. by copying something else

D. by using written information

2. Some of the most recent languages evolved due to the Atlantic slave trade. At that time, slaves from a number of different ethnicities were forced to work together under colonizer's rule. Since they had no opportunity to learn each other's languages, they developed a make-shift language called a pidgin. Pidgins are strings of words copied from the language of the landowner.

'Make-shift' is closest in meaning to:

A. complicated and expressive

B. simple and temporary

C. extensive and diverse

D. private and personal

3. Each child used the signs differently, and there was no consistent grammar. However, children who joined the school later, when this inventive sign system was already around, developed a quite different sign language. Although it was based on the signs of the older children, the younger children's language was more fluid and compact, and it utilised a large range of grammatical devices to clarify meaning. What is more, all the children used the signs in the same way. A new creole was born.

Look at the word 'consistent'. This word could best be replaced by which of the following?

A. natural

B. predictable

C. imaginable

D. uniform

4. A second problem is the fact that many renewable power generation sources are located in remote areas, such as windy uplands and coastal regions, where there is currently a lack of electrical infrastructure. New infrastructures therefore must be built. Thankfully, with improved smart technology, this can be done more efficiently by reducing the reinforcement or construction costs.

The word 'remote' could be best replace by:

A. isolated

B. crowded

C. attractive

D. alone

5. Although Smart Technology is still in its infancy, pilot schemes to promote and test it are already underway. Consumers are currently testing the new smart meters which can be used in their homes to manage electricity use. There are also a number of demonstrations being planned to show how the smart technology could practically work, and trials are in place to test the new electrical infrastructure.

The word 'underway' is closest in meaning to:

A permanent

B complete

C beneficial

D in progress

• 上一篇：托福閱讀7天計劃-Day 3 Insert a Sentence
• 下一篇：托福閱讀7天計劃-Day 5 Complete the Summary

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